Noopept |
| Noopept | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| The skeletal formula of noopept | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common names | Noopept, Ноопепт, GVS-111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Systematic name | N-Phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Summary sheet: Noopept |
Noopept (GVS-111) is a peptide promoted and prescribed in Russia and neighbouring countries as a nootropic with neuroprotective properties.
This compound is easily accessible through the use of online vendors as a legal dietary supplement in the U.S. and as a medication in other countries. It is growing in popularity due to its effectiveness as a cognitive enhancing compound and because its active dose range is between 10 and 30 mg, which is much lower than compounds that offer similar effects such as the racetams. When compared to the traditional racetams, noopept has been found to be, according to studies, 1000 times more potent than the prototypical racetam drug, piracetam.
To supplement noopept, one should take 10 – 30 mg once a day for up to 56 days at a time with extended breaks in between each period of usage.
Chemistry
Noopept, or N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester, is a synthetic peptide. A peptide is a chain of simple amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Noopept contains a phenylacetyl subunit bound to a small peptide chain of proline and glycine. The proline amino acid is composed of a carboxylic acid group bound to a pyrrolidine ring at C2. The glycine amino acid is bound to proline with a peptide bond and contains an amino group bound to the free carbon of ethanoic acid. Noopept is structurally similar to the endogenous neuropeptide cycloprolylglycine, for which it is a prodrug. Noopept is a dipeptide conjugate of piracetam although it is not a racetam as it lacks a pyrrolidone cycle.
Pharmacology
Noopept modulates the acetylcholine system as well as the AMPA receptors.[1] This modulation essentially allows acetylcholine to accumulate at higher levels than that which it otherwise would. As acetylcholine is involved in the function of memory, this could potentially account for its nootropic effects.
Subjective effects
The effects listed below are based upon the subjective effects index and personal experiences of PsychonautWiki contributors. The listed effects will rarely (if ever) occur all at once, but heavier dosages will increase the chances and are more likely to induce a full range of effects.
Visual effects
- Acuity enhancement
- Colour enhancement - Some anecdotal reports state that it makes colours appear more vibrant.
Physical effects
- Spontaneous tactile sensations - The "body high" which noopept presents can be described as a faint, all-encompassing, soft and consistent tingling sensation.
- Stimulation - The stimulation which noopept presents can be considered as primarily subtle and encouraged rather than forceful and distinct.
Cognitive effect
Toxicity and harm potential
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational noopept use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because noopept has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried noopept within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed).
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug.
Tolerance and addiction potential
The chronic use of noopept can be considered as non-addictive with a low potential for abuse. It does not seem to be capable of causing psychological dependence among users.
Tolerance to many of the effects of noopept develops over several weeks of prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly larger doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Noopept may present cross-tolerance with all racetam nootropics, meaning that after the consumption of noopept certain nootropics such as coluracetam and piracetam may have a reduced effect.
Legal issues
- U.S.: Noopept has no schedule assigned to it in the U.S., making it unregulated and therefore legally available for anyone in the country to buy, possess and use.
- United Kingdom: This drug is illegal under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.[2]
- Canada: Noopept does not have a Drug Identification Number (DIN), meaning that it cannot be imported for resale or distribution. Noopept is not scheduled nor controlled in Canada, making import for personal reasons legal.
- Australia: Noopept is not a Schedule 4 prescription drug nor is it on the list of poisons. It is currently being sold within the country.
See also
External links
References
- ↑ The original novel nootropic and neuroprotective agent noopept (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12596521
- ↑ Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted
